Emperor Hui-Tsung (1082-1135), whose real name was Chao Chi, was the last emperor of the Northern Sung Dynasty.  He was a talented calligrapher and painter, especially excelling in bird-and-flower paintings and formulating the shou-chin ("slender gold") style of calligraphy.  Although he was not renowned as a statesman, he contributed exceedingly to the arts and culture by establishing the Painting Academy at the court.